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    高阶累积量型干涉插值法外推远偏移距反射波信号

    An interferometric interpolation method via the high-order cumulant to extrapolate the far-offset reflected wave

    • 摘要: 干涉插值法利用多次波和一次波的相互转换,实现了缺失地震数据的重构。传统干涉插值法存在严重的子波变形和无法重构远偏移距地震数据的问题。因此,提出了外推干涉插值法,并引入高阶(三阶)累积量算法,代替相关计算求取虚反射道集,有效降低了旁瓣的能量,压制了虚假同相轴的产生。在水平层状地质模型、深水盐丘模型、含断层模型以及海上勘探的实际地震数据测试中,该方法提高了重构的远偏移距反射波场的分辨率和信噪比,增加了远偏移距反射点的覆盖次数。测试结果显示该方法能够有效提高远偏移距及深层地质构造的成像精度,为后续地震数据处理和地震资料解释奠定了基础。

       

      Abstract: The interpolation method based on seismic interference achieves the reconstruction of missing data successfully by using multiple waves, through the conversion of primary and multiple waves. However, the traditional interferometry suffers from severe wavelet deformation and the inability to reconstruct seismic data beyond the original maximum offset. In this paper, the third-order cumulant is introduced into the interference extrapolation method instead of the correlation calculation to extract the time delay. The calculation of the third-order cumulant does not include the calculation of autocorrelation, so the energy of the sidelobes is greatly weakened. The proposed method improves the resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of the reconstructed far-offset reflected wave by testing the horizontal layered geological model, deep-water salt model, fault model as well as the field data of ocean exploration. The high-order cumulant interference interpolation method can realize the high-quality extrapolation of the reflected wave, enhancing the energy of far-offset reflected wave. Moreover, the proposed method can improve the superposition times of far-offset data, and provide effective information for subsequent seismic processing.

       

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