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    海塔盆地复杂断块油田断层解释技术与应用

    Fault interpretation technology and application of complex fault-block oilfield in Haita Basin

    • 摘要: 海塔油田已进入中−高含水开发阶段,需要开展高精度井震结合断层识别技术研究,深化复杂断裂体系认识,指导断层区剩余油精细挖潜。针对断层地震多解性强、解释难度大的问题,从3个方面开展了相关技术研究。首先,利用谱反演−构造导向滤波叠后解释性处理技术提高地震断层成像质量。其次,针对新老资料品质差异大的问题,按主频将地震资料划分为3个等级,即对于低主频资料,优选最大、最小曲率属性融合;对于中等主频资料,优选中频段30 Hz、低频段15 Hz和高频段50 Hz 3套单频数据体进行RGB模式融合;对于高主频地震资料,基于25 Hz优势频率体分别制作相干、倾角和方位角属性体进行色度-亮度-饱和度(HIS)模式融合。上述融合方法获取的新地震属性,均提高了相应品质地震资料的断层识别能力。最后,以断层分期解释思想为指导开展人工解释,解决多期交切复杂断裂系统断层解释的“切轴”问题。综合运用上述方法,有效提高了研究区复杂断裂带和小断层的刻画精度,关于断裂认识的新成果在指导断层区外扩井的部署中取得良好效果。

       

      Abstract: The Haita Oilfield has entered a stage of medium-high water cut development. It is necessary to conduct research on high-precision fault identification technology by combining well logging and seismic data, deepen the understanding of complex fracture systems, and guide the fine extraction of remaining oil in fault areas. In view of the difficulties of strong multi-solution and difficult interpretation of fault seismic data, relevant technical research was carried out from three aspects. Firstly, spectral inversion and structure-guided filtering post-stack interpretive processing technology were used to improve the quality of seismic fault imaging. Secondly, to address the significant quality differences between new and old seismic data, the data was categorized into three levels based on dominant frequency. For low-frequency data, the fusion of maximum and minimum curvature attributes was preferred; for medium-frequency data, the RGB mode fusion was applied using three sets of single-frequency data bodies at 30 Hz, 15 Hz, and 50 Hz; for high-frequency data, the Hue Intensity Saturation fusion was performed on the coherent, inclination, and azimuth attribute bodies made based on the dominant frequency body of 25 Hz. The new seismic attributes obtained by the above fusion methods all improved the identification ability of seismic faults with corresponding quality. Finally, guided by the concept of staged fault interpretation, manual interpretation was conducted to solve the “axis cutting” problem in interpreting faults of complex fracture systems involving multiple intersecting generations. By comprehensively applying the above methods, the accuracy in characterizing complex fracture zones and minor faults has been effectively improved, and the new achievements in fault understanding have proven effective in guiding the deployment of expansion wells in fault areas.

       

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