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    AmpAnt-Net:基于跨属性特征增强的地震断层识别网络

    AmpAnt-Net: aseismic fault detectionnetwork based on cross-attribute feature enhancement

    • 摘要: 断层在油气运移与储集中具有重要作用,高效、高精度地识别地震断层对油气勘探与开发至关重要。传统人工解释方法效率低、主观性强,难以满足实际需求。深度学习成功应用于断层识别,显著提高了地震数据解释效率,但在复杂构造条件下仍存在断层刻画不够精细等问题。为此,提出AmpAnt-Net,将卷积神经网络(Convolutional Neural Network,CNN)与图卷积网络(Graph Convolutional Network,GCN)结合以实现双属性并行特征提取,并在瓶颈层引入交叉注意力机制以实现跨属性特征融合。该模型在编码器中利用卷积模块提取振幅属性的纹理与同相轴连续性特征,同时通过图卷积模块建模蚂蚁体属性的空间连通性与走向一致性。在瓶颈层引入交叉注意力机制,实现两类特征的有效融合与增强;解码阶段通过多尺度特征逐层融合重建断层结构。实验结果表明,AmpAnt-Net在多个评价指标、合成数据及实际地震数据中均优于UNet和UNet++,在小尺度断层识别与复杂断裂带刻画方面具有显著优势,展现出较强的泛化能力与应用潜力。

       

      Abstract: Faults play a crucial role in hydrocarbon migration and accumulation, making the efficient and accurate identification of seismic faults essential for oil and gas exploration and development. Traditional manual interpretation methods are inefficient and highly subjective, failing to meet practical demands. Although deep learning has been successfully applied to fault detection and has significantly improved the efficiency of seismic data interpretation, challenges remain in accurately delineating faults under complex geological conditions. To address these challenges, AmpAnt-Net is proposed, which integrates a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and a Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to achieve dual-attribute parallel feature extraction, while introducing a cross-attention machanism in the bottleneck layer to realize cross-attribute feature fusion. In the encoder, the model utilizes CNN modules to extract amplitude attribute features, capturing texture and reflector continuity, while employing GCN modules to model the spatial connectivity and orientation consistency of ant-tracking attributes. At the bottleneck, the cross-attention module achieves effective feature fusion and enhancement across the two modalities, and in the decoder, multi-scale features are progressively integrated to reconstruct fault structures. Experimental results demonstrate that AmpAnt-Net outperforms UNet and UNet++ across multiple evaluation metrics on both synthetic and real seismic datasets, showing significant advantages in detecting small-scale faults and characterizing complex fault zones, and exhibiting strong generalization ability and application potential.

       

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