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    基于衰减补偿的角度域菲涅耳束偏移

    Angle-domain Fresnel beam migration based on attenuation compensation

    • 摘要: 针对黏声介质中地震波传播引起的振幅衰减与相位畸变问题,在菲涅耳束偏移的基础上引入衰减补偿机制,提出了一种基于衰减补偿的角度域菲涅耳束偏移方法。该方法利用黏声介质中的复值走时对波场振幅与相位进行精细修正,并结合动态调节的束宽控制策略,有效增强波束对反射能量的约束与聚焦能力,从而实现传播能量损失与波形畸变的同步补偿。数值模拟与实际地震资料试算结果表明,该方法能够有效补偿中深部反射能量的衰减,提升振幅保真度与成像清晰度,显著提高成像分辨率。提取的角度域共成像点道集能量分布更均衡,聚焦性更强。整体来看,该方法在黏滞介质中表现出良好的适应性与成像稳定性,为复杂地下结构的高分辨率偏移成像提供了一种切实可行的解决方案。

       

      Abstract: To address the amplitude attenuation and phase distortion of seismic waves in viscoacoustic media, this paper proposes an angle-domain Fresnel beam migration method incorporating attenuation compensation. The method introduces complex traveltime in viscoacoustic media to accurately correct the amplitude and phase of the wavefield and dynamically adjusts the Fresnel beam width to enhance the constraint and focusing capability of the beam on reflected energy. This enables simultaneous compensation for the energy loss and waveform distortion during wave propagation. Numerical simulations and field data tests demonstrate that the method effectively compensates for the attenuation of reflected energy in medium and deep layers, improves amplitude fidelity and imaging clarity, and thereby significantly increases imaging resolution. The extracted angle-domain common-image gathers (ADCIGs) exhibit more balanced energy distribution and better focusing performance. Overall, the method shows strong adaptability and imaging stability in viscoacoustic media, offering a practical and effective approach for high-resolution migration in complex subsurface structures.

       

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