Abstract: Deep to ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs are key targets for current hydrocarbon exploration and development in the Tarim Basin. However, the lack of systematic research on their rock physical properties has constrained the formulation of an evaluation and prediction system using log and seismic methods. This study investigates tight sandstone reservoirs in the Ahe Formation in the eastern Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin. Through systematic measurements of the petrological, reservoir, and rock physical characteristics, we analyze the variations and influencing factors of the rock physical properties, and identify the key geological factors that govern the elastic properties of the tight sandstones. Based on this, a quantitative seismic rock physical template is constructed to link pore structure, fluid saturation, and frequency effects to elastic responses. The results show that Ahe sandstones can be classified into three lithofacies types: ductile lithic-lean, ductile lithic-rich, and tight carbonate-cemented. These sandstones are characterized by low porosity and low permeability. Permeability is positively correlated with porosity, while both permeability and porosity are negatively correlated with the content of ductile lithic fragments. Elastic properties are collectively controlled by rock composition (especially ductile lithic content), pore structure, and pore fluid type. As a result, different lithofacies exhibit distinct zonal distribution patterns in cross plots of velocity versus velocity ratio and porosity versus velocity. The preferred orientation of ductile lithic fragments and microcracks is the main cause of velocity anisotropy. Under high effective pressure, velocity anisotropy varies positively with ductile lithic content in an exponential relationship. The quantitative rock physical template, constructed based on the features of rock matrix and pore structures, quantitatively characterize the effects of cracks, pore fluids, rock matrix, and frequency on elastic responses. The findings provide both an experimental basis and theoretical support for log and seismic evaluation of deep to ultra-deep tight sandstone reservoirs.